APA referencing 7th edition

Referencing Other Material
At the end of your assignment, essay, or project you are required to include a reference list containing the full details of each source. The list should be in alphabetical order and include the author/editor, date, title, and publication information. References over one line long should use a hanging indent to indent the second and following lines.

For how to handle multiple authors, see 'Referencing Books'

 

Course Handout/Note

Given out in class - not on Moodle

Reference List

Unitec Institute of Technology. (2020). CIBC5015 Assignment 1: Possible resources to help you [Handout].

First in-text citation
If paraphrasing:  (Unitec Institute of Technology, 2020)       If quoting:  (Unitec Institute of Technology, 2020, p. 2)

Subsequent in-text citations
If paraphrasing:  (Unitec, 2020)       If quoting:  (Unitec, 2020, p. 2)

 

On Moodle

(a) If notes/handouts list an author or lecturer name

Reference List

Jones, K., & Simons, R. B. (2020). TRDS7629 Week 3: Being a good employee [Course notes]. Moodle. https://moodle.unitec.ac.nz/

In-text citation 

If paraphrasing:  (Jones & Simons, 2020)       If quoting:  (Jones & Simons, 2020, p. 3)

 

(b) If notes/handouts list no particular author or lecturer name

Reference List

Unitec Institute of Technology. (2020). TRDS7629 Week 3: Being a good employee [Course notes]. Moodle. https://moodle.unitec.ac.nz/

First in-text citation
If paraphrasing:  (Unitec Institute of Technology, 2020)       If quoting:  (Unitec Institute of Technology, 2020, p. 2)

Subsequent in-text citations
If paraphrasing:  (Unitec, 2020)       If quoting:  (Unitec, 2020, p. 2)

 

PowerPoint slides

On Moodle

(a) If slides list an author or lecturer name

Reference List

Thompson, B. J. (2020). ACMN4091 Business structures [PowerPoint slides]. Moodle. 
https://moodle.unitec.ac.nz/

In-text citation (Thompson, 2020) OR (Thompson, 2020, Slide 4).

Note: Use the second option if you are highlighting a particular slide.  If quoting, definitely include the slide number)

 

(b) If slides list no particular author or lecturer name

Reference List

Unitec Institute of Technology. (2020). ACMN4091 Business structures [PowerPoint slides]. Moodle. https://moodle.unitec.ac.nz/

First in-text citation  (Unitec Institute of Technology, 2020) OR (Unitec Institute of Technology, 2020, Slide 4)

Subsequent in-text citations  (Unitec, 2020) OR (Unitec, 2020, Slide 4)

Note: Use the second option if you are highlighting a particular slide.  If quoting, definitely include the slide number)

 

Online

Reference List

Brooks, S. (2012, May 2). Early childhood education [PowerPoint slides]. Slideshare. https://www.slideshare.net/samb97/early-childhood-education-powerpoint

In-text citation 

(Brooks, 2012)  OR (Brooks, 2012, Slide 10)

Note: Mention the Slide number if you are highlighting a particular slide.  For Powerpoint slides freely available on the Internet, add the month and date of the slides. If quoting, definitely include the Slide number)

 

Thesis or Dissertation

(Note - formatting is different for each level of thesis of Dissertation)

Bachelor - [Unpublished undergraduate thesis]

Master - [Unpublished master's thesis]

Doctorate - [Unpublished doctoral dissertation])

Unpublished and in Print Only

Reference List

Wen, C. (2004). Adaptive strategy for VoIP in Auckland using forward error correction over the internet [Unpublished master's thesis]. Unitec Institute of Technology.

In-text citation

If paraphrasing:  (Wen, 2004)       If quoting:  (Wen, 2004, p. 102)

 

Available online (and so published)

Reference List

Thomas, L. L. (2019). High-density parenting: Design, policy and family-oriented urbanism [Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology]. DSpace@MIT. https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/123908

In-text citation

If paraphrasing:  (Thomas, 2019)       If quoting:  (Thomas, 2019, p. 77)

 

Social Media

For all Social Media, note the following:

1. If the title of the post/photograph/video is longer than 20 words or there is no title, use the first 20 words.

2. You need to put a description as to the nature of what the item is and what is attached.)

3. If there are emojis or other symbols on the tweet, you can describe that emoji in separate square brackets.  This is not essential but can be included if they add to the context of the tweet.)

e.g. [paw prints emoji} [exclamation mark emoji]  (in this case, the emojis would be within the title of the tweet.  If outside, they would be in regular text, not italic.  

 

Tweet

Reference List

1News [@1NewsNZ]. (2020, August 13). CCTV footage shows Beirut blast shockwave severely damaging hospital. [Image with link attached] [Tweet]. Twitter. 
https://twitter.com/1NewsNZ/status/1293692213629599744

In-text citation (1News, 2020)

 

Facebook Post

Reference List

Ministry of Social Development NZ. (2020, August 11). Connected.govt.nz is a new service to help New Zealanders connect to the wide range of employment, education and training supports [Image with link attached]. Facebook..https://bit.ly/3allnWg

First in-text citation (Ministry of Social Development, 2020)

Subsequent in-text citation (MSD, 2020)

 

Instagram Photo or Video

Reference List

Art+Object [artandobject]. (2020, August 13). Theo Schoon 'One man's picture is another man's Rorschach test' polyvinyl acetate on board, signed and dated 1964 [Photograph]. Instagram. 
https://www.instagram.com/p/CDz7txfsqBt/?igshid=1jtv400p49itd

In-text citation (Art+Object, 2020)

 

LinkedIn post

Reference List

Kainga Ora – Homes and Communities. (2021, September 10). We are looking to create the country’s first national deconstruction panel. If you work in the sector and are interested… [Online post]. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/k%C4%81inga-ora-homes-and-communities_we-are-looking-to-create-the-countrys-first-activity-6841172873219051520-DzCR/

First in-text citation (Kainga Ora - Homes and Communities, 2021)

Subsequent in-text Citation  (Kainga Ora, 2021)

(if there is a well-known abbreviation)

Note: LinkedIn does not give publication dates for posts but rather tells you how long ago the post was written.  For the date, guess the most correct date based on that 'how long ago it was published' information.  

 

Online Forum (e.g. Reddit)
Reference List

National Aeronautics and Space Administration [nasa]. (2018, September 12). I’m NASA astronaut Scott Tingle. Ask me anything about adjusting to being back on Earth after my first spaceflight [Online forum post]. Reddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/9fagqy/im_na sa_astronaut_scott_tingle_ask_me_anything/

In-text citation (National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 2018)

 

ChatGPT

Generative AI is a type of “third-party assistance” (like getting someone else to write your assignment for you, even a friend or family member). Therefore, submitting AI-generated material as your own original work without appropriate acknowledgement and contrary to any direction by teaching staff may be considered a form of plagiarism, and may constitute academic misconduct.  If you are unsure, check how you should be using AI in each of your assessments with your teacher – what you are allowed to do, and what you are not allowed to do.

Reference List

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large Language Model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

In-text citation

(OpenAI, 2023)

 

Personal Communications

Phone calls, personal interviews, letters and emails should not be included in the final reference list according to APA guidelines.

Cite them only in the text itself in parenthesis. 

In-text citation (J. T. Smith, personal communication, September 29, 2012)